horn-ok-please.com
|
Quikcafe.net Quikcoffee.com Razischool.com Shenoyinteriors.com Steelfabny.com Suketu.com Tincupnecklaces.com Tituscomputer.com Yacuagami.com all about hdtv |
Russian architecture
Russian architecture follows a tradition whose roots were established in
the Eastern Slavic state of Kievan Rus. After the fall of Kiev, Russian
architectural history continued in the principalities of Vladimir-Suzdal,
and Novgorod, and the succeeding states of Muscovy, the Russian Empire,
the Soviet Union, and the modern Russian Federation.Medieval Rus' (988–1230)The medieval state of Kievan Rus' incorporated parts of what is now Ukraine and was centered around Kiev. Its influence on architectural tradition extended to the modern states of Russia, Belarus, and Ukraine. The status of Kievan Rus' as a precursor state to Russia is a somewhat politically charged issue after the fall of Soviet Union and the independence of Ukraine and Belarus. |
|
|
Although, not strictly "Russian" in the modern sense, as Kievan Rus'
(or Ancient Rus') was the common predecessor of the Russians
Ukrainians and Byelorussians, the great churches of Kievan Rus',
built after the adoption of Christianity in 988, were the first
examples of monumental architecture in the East Slavic lands. The
architectural style of the Kievan state which quickly established
itself was strongly influenced by the Byzantine. Early Eastern
Orthodox churches were mainly made of wood with the simplest form of
church becoming known as a cell church. Major cathedrals often
featured scores of small domes, which led some art historians to
take this as an indication of what the pagan Slavic temples should
have looked like. The tenth-century Church of the Tithes was the first prominent building to be made of stone, located in Kiev, Ukraine. The earliest Kievan churches were built and decorated with frescoes and mosaics by Byzantine masters. A great example of an early church of Kievan Rus' was the thirteen-domed Saint Sophia Cathedral in Kiev (1037-54), but much of its exterior has been altered with time. Saint Sophia Cathedral in Novgorod (1044-52), on the other hand, expressed a new style that exerted a strong influence on Russian church architecture. Its austere thick walls, small narrow windows, and helmeted cupolas have much in common with the Romanesque architecture of Western Europe. Even further departure from Byzantine models is evident in succeeding cathedrals of Novgorod: St Nicholas's (1113), St Anthony's (1117-19), and St George's (1119). By the end of the twelfth century the centre of East Slavic political life had moved from Kiev to the northern principality of Vladimir-Suzdal. The local churches were built of white stone by Romanesque masters of Friedrich Barbarossa, whilst their wall statuary was elaborately carved by craftsmen from Georgia. These churches mark the highest point of pre-Mongolian Rus' architecture. The most important churches in Vladimir are the Assumption Cathedral (built 1158-60, enlarged 1185-98, frescoes 1408) and St Demetrios' Cathedral (built 1194-97). Another miraculously preserved church is the graceful Intercession Church on the Nerl (1165), one of the most charming images of medieval Rus'. Celebrated as these structures are, the contemporaries were even more impressed by churches of Southern Rus', particularly the Svirskaya Church of Smolensk (1191-94). As southern structures were either ruined or rebuilt, restoration of their original outlook has been a source of contention between art historians. The most memorable reconstruction is the Pyatnitskaya Church (1196-99) in Chernigov(modern Chernihiv, Ukraine), by Peter Baranovsky. Secular architecture of Kievan Rus' has scarcely survived. Up to the twentieth century, only the Golden Gates of Vladimir, despite much eighteenth-century restoration, could be regarded as an authentic monument of the pre-Mongolian period. In the 1940s, the archaeologist Nikolai Voronin discovered the well-preserved remains of Andrei Bogolyubsky's palace in Bogolyubovo, dating from 1158-65. |
|
Nofeerentals.com Apartment rental NY NYC, Rental apartments in New York city
Nofeerentals.com has rental apartments and provides no fee apartment rental in downtown Manhattan New York City near New York University and all Manhattan
http://www.nofeerentals.com/index.asp
Notasinc.com Window Balconies, hand made carved wood balconies
These handicrafts are a beautifully hand made wood balconies, crafted by in Colombia by artisans with quality materials and a distinct original design. The Wood is used in every part of each piece, including the individually carved roof tiles.
http://www.notasinc.com/window_balconies.htm
Jewelheaven.com: gemstone pendant color stone pendant blue sapphire pendant set
birthstone pendants blue sapphire pendant ruby pendants gemstone pendant color stone pendants and pendant set.
http://www.jewelheaven.com/pendant.asp
Lansend.com: Microsoft Certified Computer consultants in New York, NY
Microsoft Certified Computer consultants providing computer and network consulting services in New York ,NY Manhattan Queens, Lan Wan Networking VPN.
http://www.lansend.com
Microfiber futon cover suede futon cover jaguar animal print futon cover
Suede Jaguar Futon Cover microfiber futon cover is a suede futon cover with
jaguar animal print. futon covers are machine washable futon covers
http://www.futonstogo.com/details-of-product/futon-cover-micro-suede-jaguar-suede-theme.asp